"Lock up your libraries if you like; but there is no gate, no lock, no bolt that you can set upon the freedom of my mind."
Hello readers,
Have you ever felt like you can't find the time or space to do what you love? Virginia Woolf's book, "A Room of One's Own," talks about this very issue. It's about how women need their own space to be creative.
In the world of literature, there are stories that entertain, stories that inform, and stories that inspire change. Virginia Woolf's "A Room of One's Own" is one of those inspiring stories. This book is not just a tale but a powerful message about the importance of space, creativity, and equality.
“a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction.”
Imagine having a place all to yourself, a room where you can think, dream, and create without anyone bothering you. That's what Virginia Woolf says is crucial for anyone, especially women, to be creative. She believes that having a room of one's own is like having a secret garden where ideas can grow.
Virginia Woolf also talks about how women didn't always have the same chances as men, especially in her time. She says women need opportunities for education and work to be able to express themselves fully. She tells us that for creativity to flourish, we need equality.
"દરવાજા બહાર પુરાવું એ દુઃખદ છે તો એનાથી વધારે દુઃખદ દરવાજાની અંદર પુરાવું છે. "
Woolf doesn't just tell us these things; she shows us through conversations and stories. She talks about famous writers, about women who weren't given the chance to learn, and about how history has treated women. She brings these issues to life through her storytelling.
Woolf encourages us to use our imagination. She says that everyone has a story to tell, a voice to share, and it's our imagination that helps us find our unique path. It's about thinking outside the box, not sticking to the rules, and believing in your own creativity.
Judith Shakespeare is a made-up character, William Shakespeare's fictional sister. In this book, Woolf uses Judith as a symbol to show the difficulties women faced in the past when it came to being creative and expressing themselves.
Woolf imagines that Judith, like her famous brother William, had a talent for writing and creativity. However, Judith was not given the same chances as her brother. Women in those times didn't have the same opportunities for education, work, and freedom. They were expected to focus on their families and not on their own creative pursuits.(Even in present time)
Judith's story, in a way, represents the stories of many women who were talented but never got a chance to shine. Woolf uses this fictional character to highlight the inequality between men and women when it came to their creative aspirations. She wants us to think about how many brilliant voices were silenced throughout history because of these inequalities. Woolf's message is clear: women, just like men, have creative potential, and they should have the same opportunities to express themselves.
Isn't it ironic that even after almost one century we are living in the same situation ?
Is the idea of the "Angel in the House" still relevant in modern society ?
Is it possible to balance traditional family responsibilities with one's creative pursuits?
How do societal expectations affect this balance for women today?
(Questions will go on)
Woolf talked about the idea of "killing the Angel in the House," which means breaking away from the old idea of the perfect, self-sacrificing woman who always put her family's needs ahead of her own. Woolf believed that women needed to shatter this ideal to be free to chase their dreams and be creative.
Moreover, She encouraged women to gain financial independence, have their own space, and not let traditional roles hold them back. This way, they could become successful writers without the old expectations weighing them down, allowing their unique voices to shine.
The stream of consciousness technique in Virginia Woolf's writing helps us understand the thoughts and emotions of her characters, especially women facing societal expectations. This technique allows us to dive deep into their inner experiences, showing how these external expectations influence their self-perception and creative ambitions. It makes Woolf's exploration of gender roles and creativity more vivid and relatable, helping us connect with the characters on a personal level.
For instance we feel that Woolf is sitting in front of us, going to the seashore, sitting on the banks of a river, watching a cat without a tail, writing just one paragraph in our own room and talking with us.
Virginia Woolf's "A Room of One's Own" is not just a book; it's a journey into the importance of having a space for creativity and the need for equality. It's a reminder that no matter who you are, you deserve the chance to create, express, and be heard.
This blog is part of Thinking activity task of The Rover by Aphra Behn.
1) Angellica considers the financial negotiations that one makes before marrying a prospective bride the same as prostitution. Do you agree?
Angellica believes that discussing money and arrangements before marrying someone is similar to prostitution. Let me explain with an example from "Rover."
Marriage is usually seen as a loving commitment between two people. But sometimes, money talks louder than love in these decisions. There is the surprising similarities between the financial talks that happen before marriage and prostitution. Even though they might seem different, they have some intriguing common traits that raise questions about the nature of marriage.
One big similarity is how both involve money. In prostitution, money is exchanged directly for a physical service. In the case of marriage with financial negotiations, it's about making sure both sides get financial benefits from the marriage. Money plays a key role in both situations.
Love isn't always the main reason in both cases. In prostitution, it's a business deal, and feelings often aren't part of it. Similarly, in marriages with a lot of financial talk, love might not be the main driving force. This makes us wonder if love is truly the heart of these unions.
Moreover, both situations have a business-like quality. In prostitution, it's a clear exchange of money for a service. In marriage with financial negotiations, it's like a deal where each person wants something financially out of the marriage. It's a transaction that can blur the lines between love and financial gain.
People in both situations might feel pushed into their decisions or have limited choices. Some may turn to prostitution because they feel they have no other option due to financial problems. In marriages with lots of financial talks, people might agree to things they don't want because of family or society expectations.
Both scenarios often lead to questions about what's right or wrong in our society. People debate the morality of prostitution, and they also question whether it's right to put so much focus on money in marriages. These questions make us think deeply about our values.
2) “All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds.” Virginia Woolf said so in ‘A Room of One’s Own’. Do you agree with this statement? Justify your answer with reference to your reading of the play ‘The Rover’
Importance of Aphra Behn is often neglected by historian, even W.J.Long didn't mentioned about contribution of Aphra Behn in his works. Aphra Behn is the first and foremost women writer who provides stage to the women writers.
If we look at her biography, she worked as spy of Charles II, but she didn't get proper amount for life survival. As soon as his husband's death she has to earn money and she chooses to write. This spark within her and her boldness in writing make her different. Even in initial years she tried her hand in poetry and then moves to writing comedy.
It is quite noticable that Aphra Behn's creativity and imagination power creat abondense Literature. Before the beginning of wave of feminism she started it. After that Mery Wolstancraft writes The Vindication of Women's rights. Aphra Behn introduced so many bold female characters. Particularly, Hellena and Angelica, even Florinda in the Rover that challenged traditional role of women.
For this reasons Virginia Woolf gives respect to Aphra Behn and even remarks that every women should be aware of her role and contribution.
3) Which female character best represents the playwright, Aphra Behn? Consider the characteristics and beliefs of each female character, and make an argument that relates these distinctive attributes to what you know about Behn.
Hellena, a character in Aphra Behn's play "The Rover," closely resembles Aphra Behn herself. Here's why:
1. Independent and Strong-Willed:
Hellena is a lot like Aphra Behn because she doesn't want to do what everyone expects her to do. She wants to make her own choices and not just go along with what others say. Aphra Behn was also a strong and independent woman who did things her own way, especially in a time when women had fewer opportunities.
2.Desire for Freedom:
Hellena is all about adventure and freedom. She even pretends to be a gypsy to do what she wants. This is a lot like Aphra Behn, who liked to write about freedom and challenge the rules that society had for women. They both share a love for being free and doing things differently.
3. Playful and Clever:
Hellena is really clever and likes to have fun. Aphra Behn was known for being witty and playful in her writing. They both have a smart and playful side that shows in their actions and words.
4. Support for Women's Rights:
Hellena's desire to choose her own love reflects Aphra Behn's beliefs in women's rights. Aphra Behn was one of the early supporters of women having more say in their lives. Hellena's character in the play represents this idea.
So, Hellena and Aphra Behn share a lot in common. They're both strong, independent, and clever women who stand up for what they believe in, especially when it comes to women's rights and freedom.
This blog is based on Thinking activity task of A Tale of a Tub.
1.) How far do you think Digression is necessary?
Digression can be beneficial in various ways. The human mind remains active even during sleep, and when one explores digressions, it can lead to improved concentration on their primary goals. When we apply this concept to the context of the novel "Pamela," we find that a straightforward story might not be as enjoyable. There should be some didactic purpose in literature, and vice versa. The phrase "Art for Life's Sake" emphasizes this idea.
2.)Identify any one movie/web series/song/poem/novel which talks about the sensitive topic like religion. Write in brief about it and explain what kind questions are raised through that work.
The song "Bhagwan Hai Kahan Re Tu" from the movie "PK" talks about religion. It shows that people have different gods and do different things to worship them. The main character, PK, asks where God is.
In the song, it talks about how people believe in lots of different things about God. There are many gods and many ways people worship them. PK, who is an alien, doesn't understand why there are so many different beliefs. He wonders why people have different gods and do things differently for their religion.
This makes us think about where these beliefs come from. Why do people believe in different gods, and how does where they live and how they grow up affect what they believe? It also questions if the people in charge of religion are helping or taking advantage of others.
PK tries to figure out why people do certain things in the name of religion. He finds some of these actions funny and doesn't understand why people do them. For example, he talks about throwing coins in rivers or pouring milk on stone idols. He wonders if these actions have a special meaning or if they've just become something people do because they always have.
This makes us think about why we do the things we do for our beliefs and if they still have a real purpose. In the song, they also talk about people like priests and gurus who help with religious things. PK, the main character, wonders if these people are really needed to connect with God, or if they're using people's faith to get something for themselves.
This highlights whether these religious leaders are sincere and truly helping people or if they're just taking advantage of them for their own benefit. It's like asking if they're good or not so good in their roles.
The central question in the song is about the existence and nature of God. PK's simple yet profound question, "Bhagwan kaha re tu?" (Where are you, God?), challenges viewers to consider their own beliefs. It invites us to contemplate whether God exists and if so, where and how one can find Him.
Additionally, it shows how sometimes religion becomes more about money and things than about being close to God. The song asks us to think about these things and be open-minded about religion.
1) What is the significance of epigraph written by Hardy - 'Letter Killeth' - for this novel, Jude the Obscure.
The epigraph "the letter killeth"suggests that formal marriage contracts can stifle genuine love. It seems that Jude and Sue both raised without parents and that is why shared same kind of ideology.
"The letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life,"
Moreover, throughout his childhood Jude was isolated and looks world as "ugly" capitalist place. Jude seems to be imprisoned in the hermeneutic circle of the biblical exegesis according to which one has to understand to believe and one has to believe to understand. Jude fights anguish by escaping into knowledge in which he finds stability. He and Sue crave for the books and knowledge which we can connect with "letter killeth". His craving for letter or knowledge leads him to his downfall, similarly to Sue.
Thomas Hardy focuses on this idea, leaving out the part about the spirit bringing life. He means that when love is defined by marriage, it can lose its spontaneity and joy. Jude and Sue's love is restricted by society's rules, and Hardy believes marriage doesn't always preserve true essence. Jude idealized Sue in every manner.
In this context, Hardy's message is that Jude and Sue's love, despite their desire for it to be pure and spontaneous, becomes constrained and burdened by the institution of marriage. They are not able to fully experience the freedom and passion they initially sought because they are bound by societal expectations and legal obligations. Hardy's deliberate omission of the optimistic aspect of "the spirit" underscores his skepticism about the capacity of marriage to preserve the purity and spontaneity of love, ultimately contributing to the tragic outcome of the novel.
2) Is it possible to connect the meaning of the epigraph of 'Esdras' at the beginning of the first chapter of the novel and the myth of Bhasmasur?
1. Esdras' Epigraph:
This text talks about how life is like a vapor, something that's fleeting and doesn't last. It means that our time on Earth is short, and we should think about what's really important.
This is a story about a demon who can turn people into ashes by touching their heads. He wanted more and more power, but in the end, his desire for power led to his own destruction.
Now, the connection: Both of these stories are about how the things we desire, like power or a long life, can lead to problems. In 'Esdras,' it's about realizing that life is short and we should focus on important things. In the Bhasmasur myth, it's about how wanting too much power can be harmful.
So, even though these two stories are from different cultures and times, they share a similar idea about the consequences of chasing after things that might not be so important in the grand scheme of things. It's like a warning to be careful about what we wish for and to focus on what really matters.
In "Jude the Obscure" by Thomas Hardy, you can draw some comparisons to the themes of transience, desires, and consequences found in the 'Esdras' epigraph and the Bhasmasur myth:
1. Transience of Life:
Just like the 'Esdras' epigraph suggests that life is fleeting, the novel portrays the impermanence of life and how characters like Jude and Sue struggle with the brevity of their happiness and the transience of their dreams.
2. Pursuit of Desires:
Both the novel and the Bhasmasur myth depict characters who desire something more, whether it's knowledge, love, or social advancement. Jude, for example, desires education and dreams of attending Christminster, much like Bhasmasur's desire for power.
3. Consequences of Desires:
In the novel, the pursuit of their desires has consequences for the characters. Jude's quest for knowledge and Sue's quest for freedom lead them to face hardships and societal disapproval. Similarly, the Bhasmasur myth shows how the demon's desire for power leads to his own downfall.
The themes of transience, desires, and consequences are universal and can be explored in various cultural and literary contexts. In "Jude the Obscure," Hardy delves into these themes through the experiences of his characters, emphasizing the challenges and repercussions of their desires and the fleeting nature of their aspirations.
(This comparison is given by Chatgpt.)
3. Jude the Obscure": Hardy's Symbolic Indictment of Christianity
Norman Holland, Jr.
In "Jude the Obscure," Thomas Hardy criticizes or points out problems in Christianity through symbolism. He uses symbols or signs in the story to show how some aspects of Christian beliefs and practices can be harmful or wrong. So, the novel is like a way for the author to express his concerns about certain ideas within Christianity. It's not an attack on the whole religion, but a way to discuss its flaws. Different branches of religion such as Christian, judeism, and peganism.
In the story, Sue doesn't want to get married, even though it's a big deal in her Christian community. This shows that she's not following traditional Christian beliefs about marriage.
So, the book uses Sue's character to say that some Christian ideas about marriage and other things might not always be right. It's like a way to point out problems in those beliefs.
Jude represents Old testament, Mr. Philoston non-jewish that is what even Mather Arnold talked in Culture and Anarchy.
4. Structure of the Novel 'Jude the Obscure'
In the beginning of the story, Sue is more focused on logic and doesn't really believe in traditional religious ideas. She even buys pagan statues and reads historical books. Jude, on the other hand, is a strong Christian and wants to become a priest.
As their beliefs change, their marital relationships change too. At first, they're separated because they're married to other people, and this matches their different beliefs. But later, they're legally freed from those marriages and start living together as if they're married. However, when Sue goes back to traditional Christian beliefs, they separate and marry their first spouses again.
Jude's failure in Christminster and Sue's difficult choice show how they've faced defeat in life. This theme of struggle and failure is also seen in other characters like Phillotson and Arabella.
So, the novel is about how Jude and Sue tried to break free from old beliefs and traditions, but they faced hardships and didn't succeed. This is why Thomas Hardy calls it a "tragedy of unfulfilled aims."
Goater, Thierry. “The Letter Killeth’: The Text as Fetish in ‘Jude The Obscure.’” The Hardy Review, vol. 10, no. 2, 2008, pp. 129–37. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/45300346. Accessed 16 Oct. 2023.
Holland, Norman. “‘Jude the Obscure’: Hardy’s Symbolic Indictment of Christianity.” Nineteenth-Century Fiction, vol. 9, no. 1, 1954, pp. 50–60. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/3044291. Accessed 16 Oct. 2023.
You can refer this blog for background reading. In this blog I am going to reflect my understanding of the Hindi play adaptation of the Hard Times directed by Kiran Deep Sharma. Moreover, comparative analysis of Hard Times and Tamasha is explored in it.
1) Review of the Hindi play based on 'Hard Times'
Hard Times is a novel written by Charles Dickens during the Victorian Era. It was first published in serial form under the title “Hard Times: For These Times” in the periodical “Household Words” during1854. The novel is a bitter indictment of industrialization, with its dehumanizing effects on workers and communities in mid-19th-century England.
Direction and costume design:- - Kiran Deep Sharma
Adaptation and editing - V.K. Sharma, Kiran Deep Sharma Lyrics V.K. Sharma
Lakshya Goel - Stephen, narrator, stuntman Prakash Mr. Sleary, James Harthouse.
Pulkit - butler, clown
Santosh - Dilkhush, circus crowd
Saif Bitzer, stuntman Sajid Anwer Mr. Choakumchild, Kidder, Stephen's wife
Shubham - Sissy
Sudipto Banerjee - Mr. Gradgrind
V.K. Sharma - narrator
( This information is taken from discription of video)
This is play whereas Dickens writes novel, so it is interesting to watch play adaptation of novel.
Indian Dramatilogy has elements of Sutradhar and Nat, who introduced events and connect audience with the performance. In the play there is also Sutradhar even they introduced chorus. They very well connected idea of Horse and Imagination in it. Initially Sutradhar says about the novels to the audience and Nat. In the initial conversation, both talk about the story and fiction.
To reply to his question about the moral element of the story, Sutradhar says that each story teaches us something, but if the aim of the story is not to teach, our imagination lets us pick good things from it. In the same part Nat admits that he hasn't read the novel as he is only concerned with his dialogues. (Comic relief )
The first line of the Novel is,
"Now what I want is facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but facts."
By this line central idea of the novel explained well. The novel is set in Coketown and there are so many scenes like street, factory, home, Forest, but as we all know the play is performed on the stage. The other change is that there are songs in the beginning, middle and at the end. By this song we come to know about the narration which we have in the novel.
The play also has three parts like novels.
Sowing
Reaping
Garnering
Starting and the end of the poem contains songs which describe narration very well.
Importance of Point of View: Dickens and Director used limited omniscient voice for putting hanger and making play intresting. It's tone is like wry mocking and sugar coated peels, audience first had laugh and then realised the satire.
Song of the play :
This presents the reality of industrial and materialistic life.
कमाल की कहानी यह हेतो बड़ी पुरानी जी।
पर गौर से जो देखेंगे तो साफ नजर आयेगी सच्चाई इसमें आजकी।
छू न जाए छाव अगर आप को ये आजाकी तो जो चाहे वो कहेना जी।
तो चार्ल्स डिकेन्स की तरह हम भी क्यों न करे कल्पना कॉकटाउन जैसे शहर की।
रंग जहां की नदी के निर्मल पानी का भी हो चुका ही बैंगनी,
ये मशीनी कारखानों का जमाना यूं समझो कि आज का है।
मैटेरियलिज्म पेर अपने अच्छी तरह जमा चुका है।
हर व्यापारी नेता को ये खेल समझ में आ चुका है।
आए हो इस दुनिया में तो कम करो कुछ ऐसा,
हाथो हाथ माल बीके, अच्छे खासे दाम मिले,
ताकि और ज्यादा हो मुनाफा।
Emotions, imagination या compassion से कभी, पेट किसका भरता है क्या?
इनके बदले डॉलर या फिर पाउंड किसी को मिलता है क्या?
इसीलिए तो नजर में इनकी करना और सहानुभूति या किसी से हमदर्दी चीजें हैं बेकार की?
पर गौर से जो देखेंगे तो साफ नजर आयेगी सच्चाई इसमें आजकी।
The final song is at the end of the play about the general outcome of the play.
अमीर हो गरीब हो चाहे, है आखिर इंसान।
बेल नही हम जो करे भाग भाग के काम, रात-दिन सुबह-शाम।
इसीलिए हम करे जगन, Tension थोड़ी हो कम।
कुछ तो मोज-मस्ती हो, या कोई ऐसा खेल-तमाशा।
सोच पुरानी बदले जो, नई सोच से करे शुरुआत।
किसकी है ये जिम्मेदारी, कौन करेगा
कल्पना के घोड़े पर बैठे मिलकर साथ सब
दुनियाभर की सैर करे,
और दुसरो की गलतीओ से के सबक…
हर पेचीदा सवालों के जवाब ढूंढे हस्ते-हस्ते
ताकि सबकी जिंदगी में कुछ तो पड़े फरक।
2. Discuss the theme of 'Utilitarianism' with illustrations from the novel.
In ethical philosophy, utilitarianism is a family of normative ethical theories that prescribe actions that maximize happiness and well-being for all affected individuals. (Wikipedia)
"For whatsoever a man soweth,
That shall he also rap."
(St. Paul)
Looking at Hard Times, there is extreme utilitarianism and it leads to far-fetched nagativity. For example, Mr. Bounderby planed for his own profit and ease in doing business. Connecting it with present scenario, BSNL, Air India, and other companies are there for service not for profit. Similarly, in the novel exploitation of slave on the purpose of utilitarianism is there.
Moreover, Characters like Thomas Gradgrind and Josiah Bounderby embody a strict utilitarian mindset, prioritizing facts and logic over emotions and imagination. At the end Dickens shows how imagination wins over Facts.
3. Discuss the views of F.R. Leavis and J.B. Priestley on 'Hard Times'. With whom do you agree? Why?
J. B. Priestley criticizes Charles Dickens' novel "Hard Times" and argues that it has been praised by some for its alignment with certain political-economic ideologies. However, Priestley believes this praise is misguided and that "Hard Times" is one of Dickens' weakest works. He thinks that the novel's social and political commentary is unclear and that it falls short of the high literary standards set by Dickens in his later novels.
In Priestley's view, "Hard Times" contains exaggerated and melodramatic elements, with characters that come across as caricatures rather than fully developed individuals. While Dickens' unique poetic and grotesque style is evident in some places, it is not consistent throughout the novel. Priestley contends that Dickens lacked sufficient knowledge about industrial England to provide an accurate portrayal of it. His depiction of Coketown, an industrial setting in the novel, is seen as superficial and created for propagandistic purposes rather than as a result of a deep understanding of the region.
Overall, Priestley argues that "Hard Times" is not a masterpiece and should not be elevated solely because it supports certain viewpoints. He believes that Dickens' lack of familiarity with the subject matter and reliance on stereotypes and exaggerations weaken the novel's artistic and social critique.
I agree with J.B.Priestley because his counter arguments are well executed. On the other hand in Victorian times workers need voice and sympathy and Dickens gives him voice. So, in a way F.R. Leavis and J.B.Priestley both are right at their place.
4. Comparative study of 'Hard Times' and Hindi film 'Tamasha'.
"Tamasha" is a Bollywood film directed by Imtiaz Ali, while "Hard Times" is a novel by Charles Dickens. While these two works belong to different genres and time periods, there are some thematic and structural elements that can be compared.
Let us briefly take look at storyline.
Tamasha goes a step ahead, leaving behind these seminal questions to dwell on something even more significant: finding your true, inner self that has been lost to a robotic work life, to discover and embrace the clown lurking behind the automaton in you. In that sense.
The focus is on Ved, a product manager who needs to break free. Those around him, even family members, are rather inconsequential or are caricaturised (boss Vivek Mushran) and over-the-top (storyteller Piyush Mishra) or just shoved in as a pointless layer to the narrative (the singing auto driver). (Article)
In "Tamasha" and "Hard Times" explore the theme of identity. In "Tamasha," the protagonist, played by Ranbir Kapoor, struggles to find his true self in a conformist society. In "Hard Times," characters like Louisa Gradgrind and Tom Gradgrind face identity crises due to their rigid upbringing and societal expectations. They are round character which develops with storyline.
Moreover, Dickens' "Hard Times" is a social critique of industrialized society and the dehumanizing effects of utilitarianism. "Tamasha" also critiques societal norms and the pressure to conform to them. Both works feature complex characters who undergo personal transformations. In "Tamasha," the protagonist evolves from a conformist corporate worker to someone who embraces his true passions. In "Hard Times," characters like Louisa and Sissy Jupe experience personal growth and change.
"Tamasha" is set in contemporary times, primarily in urban environments. "Hard Times" is set in the 19th century in the fictional industrial town of Coketown. "Tamasha" is a visual and auditory medium with music and cinematography playing a vital role in storytelling. "Hard Times" is a written narrative that relies on Dickens' distinctive prose style to convey its themes and messages."Tamasha" is a product of contemporary Indian cinema and addresses modern societal issues, while "Hard Times" reflects the social and economic concerns of Victorian England.
1) Compare the narrative strategy of the novel and movie.
"Pride and Prejudice" is a classic novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1813. There have been numerous adaptations of the novel into movies and TV series, including a 2003 film adaptation. To compare the narrative strategies of the novel and the 2003 movie adaptation, we can examine various elements such as characterization, pacing, dialogue.
1. Characterization:
Novel: Jane Austen's novel provides detailed discription of its characters through third-person narrative. one gets access to the inner workings of Elizabeth Bennet's mind, her wit, and her evolving feelings for Mr. Darcy.
Movie (2003): The film adaptation has lively character and it has deep impact on viewers mind.
2. Pacing:
Novel: The novel allows for a more pace, readers get detailed description of society,thoughts, situation.
Movie (2003): Due to time constraints, the movie must condense the narrative. Some subplots and character interactions are simplified, resulting in a faster-paced narrative.
3. Dialogue:
Novel: Jane Austen's novel is known for its witty and eloquent dialogue, which serves as a key tool for character development and social critique. The dialogue is rich in irony and subtext.
Movie (2003): The film adaptation preserves much of the novel's famous dialogue, but some lines are condensed or modified to fit the medium. The performances of the actors play a crucial role in conveying the dialogue.
Novel:
Written in third-person limited narration, mostly from Elizabeth's point of view. We see her thoughts, feelings and interpretations of events.
Uses irony, wit and commentary to convey tone and point of view. Austen's voice comes through.
Covers a longer timeframe and includes more events from the book through narration and conversations.
Provides detailed descriptions of settings, characters' interactions and social rituals like visiting, dancing, dining.
Movie:
Shown through visuals and dialogue rather than narration. Unable to convey inner thoughts.
Conveys tone through music, editing, acting performances.
Covers a shorter time frame and cannot include every detail and conversation. Some characters given less prominence.
Uses cinematography and production design to convey settings and social rituals. Camera angles, costumes, props used creatively.
Some scenes added or altered for dramatic or visual impact, like the sunrise proposal scene.
The narrative strategy of the novel "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen and the 2003 movie adaptation differ due to the inherent distinctions between written and visual storytelling. The novel allows for deeper exploration of characters' thoughts and societal commentary, while the film uses visuals, performances, and dialogue to convey the essence of the story within the constraints of a cinematic medium. Both mediums have their strengths and limitations, and the 2003 adaptation seeks to capture the spirit of the novel while making necessary adjustments for the screen.
2) Write an illustration of the society of Jane Austen's time.
In Jane Austen's time, which was a long time ago in the 18th and early 19th centuries, society was very different from today. Here's a simple illustration of what it was like:People lived in big houses and small villages. Most folks were either very rich or quite poor, with not many in between.
Rich people wore fancy clothes with lots of layers, while poor folks had simpler clothes. Men and women had specific roles. Men usually worked and made important decisions, while women mostly took care of the home and the children.
People didn't have phones or computers. They wrote letters by hand with ink and quills. Marriages were often arranged, meaning parents decided who their children would marry. Love matches were less common.People had to follow strict manners and rules, especially at fancy parties. They had to be polite and proper.
During this time, society was very structured and proper. Social class was extremely important. There were the upper class, like Mr. Darcy from Pride and Prejudice, who did not have to work and lived in large estates. Then there was the middle class or gentry, like the Bennet family, who did not have aristocratic titles but lived comfortably. Finally, there were the lower classes like the servants and laborers who worked for the gentry and upper classes.
Marriage was essential, especially for women. Women were expected to marry, and their primary goal was finding a husband. For example, Mrs. Bennet's main concern is ensuring her daughters find husbands. Men generally had more freedom than women. Additionally, marriages were often arranged by families based on status and wealth rather than love. However, some of Austen's characters like Elizabeth Bennet went against conventions and turned down proposals because they wanted to marry for love.
Reputation and propriety were paramount. Gossip spread quickly in the villages and everyone was concerned with maintaining appearances. For instance, Lydia Bennet's elopement with Wickham threatened her sisters' reputations. Rules of etiquette dictated strict societal practices. Visiting others' homes, attending balls and dinner parties, and introductions through mutual acquaintances were parts of the complex social rituals.
3) What if Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth never got together? What if Lydia's elopement had a different outcome? Explore the consequences of these changes and write alternative endings to the novel.
In the novel, we can find different endings. If Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth never get together then, it wouldn't be that much popular novel during that time. Here are some possible alternative endings for Pride and Prejudice:
If Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth never got together:
Elizabeth might have ended up marrying Mr. Collins after Charlotte left him. She would have been severely unhappy.
Mr. Darcy would remain unmarried. He might later regret losing Elizabeth.
The Bennet family would remain without financial security. The estate is entailed to Mr. Collins so Mrs. Bennet and her unmarried daughters could be turned out of Longbourn after Mr. Bennet dies.
If Lydia's elopement had a different outcome:
If Mr. Darcy had not intervened and convinced Wickham to marry Lydia, the Bennet would be publicly disgraced.
None of the Bennet sisters would be able to marry respectable men due to the scandal.
The family might plunge into greater financial insecurity.
Elizabeth and Darcy likely would not have reconciled, as he helped her family in its time of crisis.
Lydia might have been cast out of family and society without a husband. Wickham would not take responsibility.
In this consequences, there can be various ending but surely not happy ending.
So the happy endings rely on Darcy and Elizabeth overcoming pride and prejudice to love each other, and Darcy rescuing the Bennet family honor. The alternate outcomes show how important these events were.
In this blog you can find book review of Pruthvivallabh.
"Prithvivallabh" is a special book written by K.M. Munshi. It takes us back in time to a place called Rajputana, which was very different from today.
The story is about a brave prince named Munja and a beautiful princess named Mrinalvati. They fall in love, but it's not that simple. Munja has to learn how to be a good leader, and Mrinalvati supports him through it all.
This book is like a time machine that shows us how people lived in those days. There were big palaces, grand traditions, and lots of battles. It was a time when being brave, loyal, and honorable were very important.
The characters in the book are interesting. Munja starts as a reckless prince but becomes a wise ruler with Mrinalvati's help. She's a strong and loyal woman who loves Munja deeply.
The author, K.M. Munshi, did a lot of research to make the story feel real. He describes the Rajput culture, their traditions, and the politics of the time in great detail.
One of the big themes in the book is the struggle between personal desires and responsibilities. Munja has to choose between his love for Mrinalvati and his duty as a leader. This is a common dilemma that many people face.The book has exciting parts like battles and adventures, but it also talks about love, duty, and what it means to be honorable.
"Prithvivallabh" is a story with many important characters. Let's talk about a few of them:
1.Munja (Prithvivallabh): He's the main character, a young prince from Malwa. At first, he's impulsive and reckless, but as the story goes on, he becomes a wise and fair ruler. His love for Mrinalvati is a big part of the story.
2.Mrinalvati:She's a princess from Tripuri and Munja's love interest. Mrinalvati is strong and always supports Munja. She's loyal and has a strong sense of duty.
3.Guru Bhimdev: He's like Munja's mentor, teaching him important lessons about life and leadership.
4. King Tailap:He's Munja's father and a wise ruler. He influences Munja's character and teaches him how to be a good leader.
5.Chandraprabha:She's Mrinalvati's good friend and someone she can confide in. She plays an important role in the story.
6. Princess Vakulavati:Her character adds some drama and intrigue to the story, making things more interesting.
7. Rajpurohit: This person is like the royal priest and is in charge of the religious ceremonies and customs at the Rajput court.
8. Poets and Bards:These are people who create and share poetry and stories. They help express the characters' feelings and experiences.
All these characters make "Prithvivallabh" an exciting and rich story. They each have their own personalities and roles in the plot, which adds depth and interest to the book.
The author did a lot of research, so the book feels like you're really in ancient India. You can see the beautiful palaces and learn about their traditions.The main character, Munja, starts as a young and wild prince. But as the story goes on, he becomes a wise leader. This makes the story interesting.The book also shows the beauty of Indian culture with its poetry, music, and art. These things are important in the story.
However, there are some things that may be a bit tricky,
The book uses old-fashioned language and poetry, which might be hard to understand for some people. Some parts of the book might feel slow because of all the details and poetry. The love story in the book is sweet, but it follows a common pattern, so you might guess what will happen next.
In the end, "Prithvivallabh" is a special book that shows you the beauty of ancient India. It's like a journey to the past, with interesting characters and culture. But the language and slow parts might be a bit challenging for some readers.
Hello everyone, This blog is based upon Thinking Task.
If Pamela was in the contemporary time, will the story take any changes?
If Pamela's story were set in modern times, several key aspects of the narrative would likely change, reflecting the shifts in society, technology, and women's rights. Here's how Pamela's story might unfold in today's world:
Pamela, in the contemporary era, would probably not be a maidservant but a regular working woman with various career options. She might work in an office, a store, or any other profession she chooses. In today's world, women have more opportunities to pursue careers and aren't restricted to serving in households.
The way people communicate has evolved drastically. Instead of writing long letters by hand, Pamela might use emails, text messages, or social media to share her experiences and feelings. This modern form of communication would allow her to quickly reach out for help, support, or advice, making it easier for her to document any inappropriate behavior.
In the 18th century, social class distinctions were very rigid. Pamela's relationship with her employer would have been marked by significant differences in power and social status. However, in contemporary times, while workplace dynamics still exist, class distinctions are often less pronounced. Pamela's interactions with her employer might be influenced by her job and workplace policies rather than solely by her social class.
In Pamela's time, women had limited legal protection and faced a lack of resources when dealing with harassment. Today, there are laws and regulations that protect women from harassment in the workplace. Pamela would be aware of her rights and encouraged to report any inappropriate behavior to human resources or relevant authorities.
Pamela's independence and self-reliance would likely be more emphasized in a modern setting. She could have a strong support system of friends, family, and colleagues who encourage her to stand up for herself. If she faced harassment, she might have access to counseling, support groups, or hotlines for individuals dealing with similar situations.
Pamela's story might revolve around her journey to assert herself in a world that still grapples with issues of gender equality and workplace harassment. She might undergo personal growth, gaining confidence and resilience as she navigates the challenges of modern society.
In nutshell, Pamela's story in contemporary times would reflect the changes in our world, including increased opportunities for women, advancements in technology, and greater awareness of women's rights. While the core theme of resisting unwanted advances and maintaining personal integrity would remain, Pamela's story would be adapted to the realities of the 21st century, with a focus on empowerment, support, and the pursuit of justice.
Letters and their Importance in Pamela:
“And the next day I was very sad, and began my long letter. He saw me writing, and said (as I mentioned) to Mrs Jervis, ‘That girl is always scribbling; methinks she might find something else to do’; or to that purpose. And when I had finished my letter, I put it under the toiler, in my late lady’s dressing-room, whither nobody comes but myself and Mrs Jervis, beside my master; but when I came up again to seal it, to my great concern, it was gone; and Mrs Jervis knew nothing of it; and nobody knew of my master’s having been near the place in the time: So I have been sadly troubled about it”
–Pamela, page
In Samuel Richardson’s Pamela, there is an emphasis on letters and their use. The entire narrative is delivered to us through the use of letters, written by the protagonist herself towards her parents, with a few responses as well. Letters are thus information being departed from Pamela towards her family, and to us as well. Yet, another character is also privy to a lot of this information; the male Master of the household in which she serves. He intercepts her very first letter and urges her to continue writing, all the while hinting at a narrow allowance of subject coverage.
“…you ought to be wary what tales you send out of a family. Be faithful and diligent; and do as you should do, and I will like you the better for this.”
These letters are mostly between one and two pages long, but the dictation would have us believe differently. Even one-page letters are described as long. Indeed, Pamela’s description of her hiding of a letter (quoted above), is evident of a long process needed to complete and post a letter. In the 18th century, writing seems to be not only the source of information between family, but also a long and daunting process.
Yet writing in this story is also dangerous. The Master’s interception of her letters is a constant threat, and he is better armed to take advantage of her because of them. This means that not only is writing necessary for Pamela to communicate and request help, but it constitutes a tool for her enemy. Considering the past fate of her letters, one wonders whether her fear as described in the 14th letter did not induce her further misfortunes. In fact, considering the ease by which the Master took away one of Pamela’s letters, one wonders whether her family receives any letter at all that includes sensitive information.
It is noteworthy how powerless the women are in this text. Mrs Jervis’ attempts to dissuade the master are dashed aside easily, and his threats to both women are explicit and with dreadful implications. His command of the household is absolute and neither female can disobey their master. All they can do is hope that “he will give over all attempts: And that [they] shall better know what to do [later]”. Postponing the inevitable, hoping against all hope – the servants in this text have no method with which to defend their innocence and honor.
Pamela’s storytelling is wondrous – the method by which the narration is especially important. Letters help to ground this book in reality, while their information smooth over problems of narration and make Pamela an unreliable narrator. However, in defiance of Behn and Defoe, Pamela’s unreliability makes sense; after all, she has to be careful that nothing she writes about could condemn her to further mistreatment by the Master who harasses her. A framing device, a plot device and an innovation; letters give Pamela a marvelous character.
Here's a movie review of the 1994 film "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein":
Title: "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein" (1994) - A Tale of Ambition and Monstrosity
In 1994, director Kenneth Branagh brought to life the classic tale of "Frankenstein," based on Mary Shelley's novel. This film, "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein," takes viewers on a dark and ambitious journey into the world of science, creation, and the consequences of playing god.
Kenneth Branagh himself stars as Victor Frankenstein, a brilliant and obsessed young scientist driven by the desire to conquer death. His passion leads him to conduct experiments in reanimating life from death. The movie is set in the 18th century, and the attention to period detail is impressive, immersing the audience in a world of dark laboratories and Gothic landscapes.
In this frame how Victor made the creature.
Robert De Niro delivers a remarkable performance as the Creature, the result of Victor's reckless experiments. De Niro brings depth to the character, portraying the Creature's pain, isolation, and longing for acceptance with haunting authenticity.
In this frame creature asks him why he made him.
In this frame Sympathy of Blind man reflecting to creature.
Helena Bonham Carter plays Elizabeth, Victor's love interest, and she brings depth to her character as she grapples with the consequences of Victor's actions. The supporting cast, including Tom Hulce and John Cleese, adds to the film's richness.
In this last frame, in the novel there is nothing like making female creature and in the movie director added this scene for making it more interesting.
The film explores themes of scientific hubris, the consequences of unchecked ambition, and the ethical dilemmas surrounding the creation of life. It delves into questions about the responsibilities of a creator to their creation, and the fine line between genius and madness.
Branagh's direction balances horror and tragedy, capturing the emotional turmoil of the characters. The film does not shy away from the gruesome aspects of Shelley's original story, making it a dark and atmospheric cinematic experience.
While "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein" received mixed reviews upon its release, it is an adaptation that stays true to the novel's core themes and offers a fresh interpretation of the story. Branagh's direction and De Niro's performance, in particular, are highlights that make this film worth watching for fans of both classic literature and Gothic horror.
In conclusion, "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein" (1994) is a visually striking and emotionally charged adaptation of the timeless tale. It explores the dark side of scientific ambition and the moral dilemmas that arise from playing with the forces of life and death. If you appreciate Gothic horror and thought-provoking storytelling, this film is a must-see.
This blog is covering Movie Review of Pride and Prejudice.
"Pride and Prejudice" from 2005 is a film adaptation of Jane Austen's classic novel of the same name. The story is set in the early 19th century in England and revolves around the lives of the Bennet family, particularly the second eldest daughter, Elizabeth Bennet, played by Keira Knightley.
In the movie, you'll notice a big difference in how Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley act when you first see them. Mr. Darcy looks proud and serious, while Mr. Bingley is friendly and smiles a lot. This sets the stage for their characters.
The story moves along and sticks closely to the book. It shows Jane getting sick and the Bennet sisters, along with their mom, sitting together on one sofa. They share similar thoughts and ideas. But Elizabeth is different; she sits on another sofa all by herself. This shows she thinks differently from her family.
As the story goes on, you'll see the characters' pride and prejudices come to the surface. They start to see each other's true selves, but not completely. Elizabeth tries to understand Mr. Darcy better.
Later in the movie, Elizabeth changes. She wears white, a symbol of purity, showing she's let go of her prejudices. Mr. Darcy, on the other hand, is in blue, showing his confusion.
The big climax happens when Lady Catherine confronts Elizabeth. Elizabeth boldly refuses to promise not to marry Mr. Darcy, showing her newfound strength.
At the end of the movie, you'll see a beautiful scene in the evening. Both Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy have moved past their pride and prejudice, symbolized by them wearing white, and they celebrate their love.
The film explores themes of love, class, and societal expectations. Elizabeth is a strong-willed and independent woman who initially forms a negative opinion of Mr. Darcy, portrayed by Matthew Macfadyen, due to his perceived arrogance and pride. Mr. Darcy, on the other hand, struggles with his own feelings for Elizabeth.
As the story unfolds, we see the characters' personal growth and the evolution of their relationship. The movie beautifully captures the lush English countryside and the elegant Regency-era costumes, adding to its visual appeal.
The supporting cast, including Donald Sutherland, Brenda Blethyn, and Judi Dench, delivers stellar performances. The film is directed by Joe Wright, who brings a fresh and vibrant energy to the classic tale.
In sum up, "Pride and Prejudice" (2005) is a captivating and well-executed adaptation of Austen's novel. It combines romance, drama, and wit, making it a beloved film for both fans of the book and newcomers to the story.
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